Fatty liver disease is a growing concern, which occurs due to an excessive buildup of fat in the liver. This could eventually lead to inflammation and scarring in the liver. While it’s commonly associated with lifestyle factors, such as obesity and excessive alcohol consumption, it may also be linked to your heart health. We spoke to Dr V Rajasekhar, Senior Consultant Interventional Cardiologist and Electrophysiologist, Certified Specialist for TAVR (Percutaneous Trans Aortic Valve Replacement), Yashoda Hospitals, Hyderabad, who explains the connection between fatty liver disease and the heart, and steps you can take to keep both organs healthy.
Connection Between Fatty Liver and Heart
The intricate connection between these two seemingly distinct organs stems from the fact that both the liver and the heart play vital roles in maintaining overall health.
Fatty liver can contribute to the development of heart disease through a variety of mechanisms. Dr Rajasekhar said that the fat buildup in the liver can lead to insulin resistance and the release of inflammatory chemicals, promoting inflammation throughout the body. “This chronic inflammation is a key contributor to the development of atherosclerosis, the buildup of plaque in arteries that can eventually lead to heart attacks and strokes,” he explained.
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“Fatty liver is often accompanied by high levels of triglycerides and low levels of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which are both risk factors for heart disease,” said the doctor. He highlighted that insulin resistance associated with fatty liver can also lead to metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions including high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abdominal obesity, all of which increase the risk of heart disease.
Complications of Fatty Liver Beyond Heart Disease
Dr Rajasekhar said that complications of fatty liver can extend beyond heart disease. According to a study published by the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology, as of 2022, around one out of every three adults or children in India are affected by NAFLD.
“Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) can progress to Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), a more severe form characterised by liver inflammation. Over time, this inflammation can lead to fibrosis, or the buildup of scar tissue, which can eventually progress to cirrhosis, a serious and irreversible liver condition,” explained Dr Rajasekhar.
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Management of Fatty Liver
Management of fatty liver involves a multifaceted approach. “The cornerstone of treatment is lifestyle modification,” suggested Dr Rajasekhar. He advised having a balanced diet that includes whole grains, lean proteins, and plenty of fruits and vegetables.
“Limiting added sugars and refined carbohydrates can help control blood sugar levels and prevent excessive fat accumulation in the liver. Regular exercise aids in weight loss and improves insulin sensitivity, both of which are beneficial for reducing fatty liver,” he added.
Conclusion
The relationship between fatty liver and heart disease is intricate and underscores the importance of holistic health. Addressing fatty liver through lifestyle changes not only helps mitigate the risk of heart disease but also prevents a cascade of liver-related complications. If you suspect you have fatty liver, consulting a medical professional is vital to receive personalised guidance and a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to your needs.
[Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only. Consult your healthcare provider to get a thorough diagnosis and treatment as per your health needs.]
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